- The Pedunculate Oak (Querus robur) or European oak or English oak or common oak
- records beginning in 1947 show how sensitive the date of first leafing of this oak is to mean spring temperature
- leafing has advanced by about 6 days for every 1°C increase in spring temperature and is now about 25 days earlier than in the 1950s
- long-lived
- notable specimens in Lithuania and Bulgaria believed to be over 1500 years old
- "Bowthorpe oak" in Lincolnshire, England thought to be the oldest in the UK at an estimated 1000 years old >
- Conservation Status: LEAST CONCERN